Best practice n°1 The site provides a way for users to find out about new content and services. Enable users to immediately identify new online content and services. Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #Mobile #Content #Editorial Best practice n°2 Information about copyrights and reuse rights is available from every page. Inform the users of the conditions under which the content is published.Inform the users of the conditions for copying and reusing the content. #Content #Editorial Best practice n°3 Each page’s source code contains metadata that describes the content. Enable search and indexing tools to extract information about the pages’ content and, as a result, Improve the search results returned to users.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools." #SEO #Content #Editorial Best practice n°4 Dates are presented in an explicit format. Prevent users from misinterpreting the meaning of a date.Simplify the comprehension and reuse of the relevant content. #Content #Editorial Best practice n°5 The first occurrence of an abbreviation or an acronym in the body of any page gives access to an explanation of its meaning. Allow users to quickly understand the meaning of an acronym.Enable bots to exploit the content (in order to establish an index of abbreviations).Foster referencing of the content.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Content #Editorial Best practice n°6 The publication date of the contents is indicated when needed. Allow the user to put the information into context.Prevent the dissemination of false or obsolete information.Strengthen trust in the information and facilitate citations. #Content #Design Best practice n°7 A lexicon or a glossary adapted to the target audience explains the industry-specific or technical vocabulary used. Allow users to understand industry-specific and technical content.Simplify use of a service.Improve SEO on keywords or technical expressions.improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Content #Editorial Best practice n°8 Advertisements and sponsored content are identified as such. Enable the immediate identification of advertisements and sponsored content.Avoid confusion between editorial and advertising content.Prevent the risks associated with conflicts of interest. #Content #Editorial Best practice n°9 The conditions for moderation of public spaces are indicated. Explain to the users why and how their posts may be moderated.Reduce the number of complaints from users who don’t see their posts online. #Content #Editorial Best practice n°10 Content and files intended for public spaces can be checked before upload. Allow users to check their input in context and, if necessary, to correct it before submitting it.Reduce the number of correction and removal requests. #Content #Development Best practice n°11 Public spaces offer at least one way to report abuse. Simplify reporting of illegal or inappropriate content.Speed up the detection of such content.Limit the risk of accessing illegal or inappropriate content. #Content #Design Best practice n°12 Each graph is accompanied by its numerical data. Enable or improve understanding of the graph.Improve the accessibility of the contents for people with disabilities. Improve the consideration of contents by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Content #Editorial Best practice n°13 The search result page indicates the number of results, the number of pages of results, and the number of results per page. Give users access to all of the essential information related to the search that they ran. #Content #Development Best practice n°14 The privacy and confidentiality policy is available from any page. Give users access to the conditions under which their personal data are conserved. #Privacy #Personal data #Editorial Best practice n°15 The process of accessing and modifying personal data is described. Inform users of how their personal data will be used.Boost confidence in the site or service.Simplify the management of requests related to personal data. #Privacy #Personal data #Editorial Best practice n°16 Account creation is possible without the need to use a third-party identification system. let users choose whether or not they want to use a third-party service.Provide an alternate means of access to the service.Provide a means of access under the control of the service’s administrators.Limit your dependence on a third party, whose policies and technical and sales strategy will undoubtedly change over time. #Privacy #Personal data #Development Best practice n°17 Account creation is subject to a confirmation process. Reduce the risk of users being registered without their knowledge. #Privacy #Personal data #Development Best practice n°18 The site offers a mechanism to prevent account or identity theft. Strengthen user safety and confidence by preventing the risk of identity theft.Limit the costs of processing impersonations for the user and the online service.Strengthen users' confidence in the use of their data. #Privacy #Personal data #Development Best practice n°19 Accounts and subscriptions opened online can be closed online by the same method. Spare the user complicated procedures in order to leave the service.Let the user know, right off the bat, that they won’t be trapped into the service.Cut the cost of user account management.Boost confidence in the site or service.Improve your reputation and reduce the risk of bad press. #Privacy #Personal data #Development Best practice n°20 If the site offers a personal or subscriber space, it is possible to download personal content. Enable user-generated content to be archived.Avoid the user having to re-enter data, in the event of their reuse of content. #Privacy #Personal data #Development Best practice n°21 Connection to all the services offered is possible with the same identifiers. Allow users to retain or store unique identifiers.Accelerate connection and improve the user experience.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data #Privacy #Personal data #Development Best practice n°22 It is possible to log out from private areas. Allow user to protect their personal data and content.Limit the risk of identity theft.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data #Privacy #Personal data #Development Best practice n°23 The website accepts email aliases containing the + sign. Allow users to use mail accounts dedicated to a specific use.Allow users to trace the spread of their email addresses.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data #Privacy #Personal data #Development Best practice n°24 The headers sent by the server specify the communication policy of the referrers. Protect users from disclosing any sensitive information about their navigation.Mastering the information sent by the server.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data #Privacy #Personal data #Development Best practice n°25 External links that open in a new window don't share contextual information. Preventing the transmission of personal data.Prevent the execution of malicious code.Prevent performance losses related to the sharing of resources in multiple windows.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data #Privacy #Personal data #Development Best practice n°26 Exchanges of sensitive data are securely transmitted and reported as such. Reassure users.Allow users to enter sensitive data, safe in the knowledge that They will be protected. Minimize the risk of fraudulent use of user data. #Personal data #Editorial Best practice n°27 Sensitive data is not transmitted unencrypted through URLs. Prevent sensitive data from being made public or stored Unencrypted at any stage in accessing a page (ISP, proxy, web Server, browser history, third-party services, etc.).Allow users to enter sensitive data, safe in the knowledge that They will be protected and kept confidential. #Personal data #Development Best practice n°28 The purpose of using cookies, as well as the limitations inherent in refusing them, are explained. Inform users about the use of cookies.Explain their role and their purpose. #Privacy #Personal data #Editorial Best practice n°29 A product or service can be purchased without creating an account. Allow buyers to place an order immediately.Remove the barrier of account creation.Increase the conversion rate. #Privacy #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°30 The details of each item can be viewed from the shopping cart. Allow user to check his order.Prevent operating errors #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°31 No additional products or services are added to the shopping cart without being user triggered. Give users control over their orders.Not compromise your trusted relationship with your users.Avoid any form of forced sales. #E-Commerce #Design Best practice n°32 Registration for ancillary services is not enabled by default. Allow the user the choice of his actions.Preventing unintentional commands and associated claims.Prevent potential lawsuits in countries where the practice is prohibited. #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°33 Product availability is indicated before final validation of the order. Anticipate any possible difficulties and delivery delays. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°34 The estimated delivery time is indicated before the final validation of the order. Allow users to plan ahead for the conditions and means of accessing the service or the virtual item.Avoid disappointments and complaints. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°35 The estimated delivery costs are indicated before the final validation of the order. Allow user to decide knowingly.Save time for the user. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°36 The method for retrieving a dematerialised or digital product is specified before placing the order. Allow users to plan ahead for the conditions and means of accessing the service or the virtual item.Avoid disappointments and complaints. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°37 Users can still modify each item’s quantity, and add or delete one or more items, before the final validation of the order. Allow users to easily edit their orders. #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°38 The nature and quantifiable characteristics of products and services are indicated. Allow users to identify the exact nature and specifications of the products.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°39 The period of validity and conditions of special offers and promotions are indicated. Allow users to identify the period during which they can enjoy special offers. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°40 The detailed sub-total is indicated before final validation of the order. Provide users with details of the prices of their orders.Remove an obstacle to order placement. #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°41 The conditions of financing are indicated. Allow users to identify the total amount they will have to pay and how that amount breaks down. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°42 The operating conditions of the after-sales service are indicated. Inform users about the conditions for obtaining assistance and support, if they need it. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°43 Debit and payment conditions are indicated before final order placement. Enable users to identify the detailed payment charge conditions. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°44 Warranty conditions are indicated. Enable users to identify the specific nature of the associated services and their costs. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°45 The terms of sale or use are available from all pages. Provide continuous, easy access to all of the terms and conditions of fulfillment of the service. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°46 The information relating to the delivery zones of the products or the realization of the services are indicated. Avoid pointless browsing and orders, or even a waste of time for your users and for the organization that is offering the goods or services. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°47 The means of payment accepted, and the corresponding procedures are indicated. Give users advance notice of the payment methods and conditions, so they will know whether or not they are able to place an order. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°48 The identity of third parties involved in transactions is specified. Provide users information about partners involved in the transaction #Privacy #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°49 The recourse in cases of dispute are indicated in the general terms and conditions of sale or of use. Reassure users before they make a purchase.Give buyers all of the relevant information related to their purchases, whether or not everything goes well. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°50 The address and the terms and conditions for returns are indicated before the final validation of the return order. Allow users to plan ahead in case of any problems with the use and/or operation of the good or service.Reduce the strain on customer service. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°51 The cost of the return is indicated before the final validation of the return order. Inform users of the cost if returned products.Increase conversion rates. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°52 The mode of filing and the procedure for handling complaints are indicated. Allow users to understand or anticipate any problems they may encounter on the website or during a transaction. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°53 The conditions for reimbursement are indicated. Allow users to identify the exact documents required, if they need to return a product.Anticipate potential problems, in the case of a refund request submitted after the statutory cooling-off period.Reduce the number of needless procedures and the number of customer service requests.Increase an e-commerce site’s conversion rate. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°54 The hardware and software necessary for the operation of the service are indicated before final validation of the order. Allow users to anticipate the conditions and means of use of the service.Reduce complaints #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°55 The displayed prices show the applied taxes and any additional charges, as well as tax-exclusive prices. Allow users to identify the precise total amount they will have to pay, before placing an order.Enable users to accurately identify different itemizations and any deductible amounts. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°56 Different shipping and billing addresses can be specified. Allow users to have their purchases delivered to the location of their choice. #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°57 The website accepts at least two methods of payment. Allow users to choose their preferred payment method in their specific situation.Offer at least one alternative to users temporarily or permanently unable to use a particular payment method. #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°58 Personal banking information is only stored after the explicit consent of the user. Leave the master user of his choice in banking data storage.Prevent potential legal problems in case of complaint or data theft.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data. #Privacy #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°59 The personal banking information stored by the site can be modified or deleted at any time. Prevent the risk of fraud by allowing preventive delete data.Give users control over their data bank.Prevent payment errors by allowing preventive updated bank data.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data #Privacy #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°60 The transaction’s reference number is displayed to the customer, once the order has been placed. Allow users to see and, potentially, print out a trace of their orders.Give users written proof of the transaction.Improve the traceability of transactions. #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°61 The invoices issued are also available online Facilitate operations management and reconciliation by users.Provide a backup of the necessary data to accounting. #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°62 Each invoice is subject to a confirmation email. Prevent loss of information and invoices.Improving traceability of operations. #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°63 Any mention of an affiliation with a professional association, or endorsement by a label or an award, features a link to the source. Give users immediate access, so they can understand what those mentions mean.Enable users to check the information themselves.Increase the level of trust or credibility. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°64 Unavailable products are differentiated by visual and textual means. Allow users to immediately identify products that are unavailable, with no possibility of confusion.Avoid disappointment of when a user starts a purchase, only to discover later on that the product they want is not available. #E-Commerce #Editorial Best practice n°65 An email providing the transaction’s reference number and the order details is sent after order placement. Give users confirmation of their order information.Allow users to keep a history of their transactions, elsewhere than on the website. #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°66 Each complaint shall be issued with an acknowledgment of receipt. Allow the user to obtain a confirmation of his request outside the context of navigation on the site.Avoid customer service receiving multiple requests for the same complaint. #E-Commerce #Development Best practice n°67 Each Form Field has its own Label associated with it in the Source Code. Facilitate the understanding of the data expected in forms.Allow technical accessibility aids to render the fields in forms by systematically attaching a label to them, indicating their role and the nature of the expected input.Simplify input by allowing users to select the field by clicking on either its label or the field itself (especially in the case of a checkbox or a radio button).Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development Best practice n°68 Information supplementing a field’s label is associated with that field in the source code. Optimize the rendering on screen readers, by making it possible to spell out the form’s field labels.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development Best practice n°69 Each form field’s label indicates whether or not it is a required field. Tell users in advance whether or not a field is required.Prevent mistakes before they are made.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Privacy #Forms #Development Best practice n°70 Each form field’s label indicates the required data format, where applicable. Reduce the risk of input errors.Reduce the risks associated with sending incorrect or unusable data.Prevent the user from giving up, for lack of information about the expected input.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development Best practice n°71 The user is warned whenever a field is case-sensitive. Prevent the risk of mistakes and, as a result, prevent the user from having to fill out the same field several times.Prevent confusion in users who think they correctly completed the field, but see it marked as an error.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development Best practice n°72 The label of each form field indicates the maximum number of characters allowed, where applicable. Preventing transmission errors forms.Preventing data loss. #Forms #Development Best practice n°73 The creation of a password by the user is subject to a mechanism for the prevention of input errors. Prevent users from entering passwords that don’t match the ones that they wanted or that they memorized. #Forms #Development Best practice n°74 The characters entered in a password field can be displayed in an un-encrypted text. Simplify password entry, especially on mobile devices’ virtual keyboards.Prevent mistakes. #Forms #Development Best practice n°75 Each form label is visually associated to the field that it describes. Allow users to unambiguously identify the form’s fields and the type of information they are expected to input.Prevent input errors.Simplify and speed up use of the form, especially on a mobile device or for users of screen magnifiers and, more generally, for any user employing the zoom function.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Design Best practice n°76 The contextual information relating to a form field has a close visual-proximity to it. Facilitating the use of forms.Prevent input errors.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Design Best practice n°77 If any data entered in the form are rejected, the fields containing the rejected data are indicated for the user. Provide feedback to users on the actions they just performed.Guide users directly to the items with which they must interact.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities." #Accessibility #Forms #Development Best practice n°78 If any data entered in the form are rejected, the reason(s) why are indicated to the user. Help users understand what is expected and, by doing so, facilitate their progression to the next step.Prevent user frustration in the face of mistakes for which they don’t have an immediate solution.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development Best practice n°79 If any data entered in the form are rejected, all the data entered can be modified by the user. Give users control over all of the information that they provide.Simplify the correction of mistakes made by users.Allow users to edit the information they want to change.Prevent the user from leaving the form before it is submitted. #Forms #Development Best practice n°80 Custom error messages are expressed in the language of the form. Prevent input difficulties and improve the understanding of error messages.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development Best practice n°81 For forms divided over several pages, an overall summary is displayed before the final version is submitted. Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Forms #Development Best practice n°82 The page displayed after the form’s submission allows the user to return to their navigation directly. Avoid putting your users off by taking them to a dead-end page, including by means of the browser’s “Previous page” function.Limit the risk of duplicate form submissions. #Forms #Development Best practice n°83 Form submission is followed by a message indicating whether or not the action was successful. Give the user immediate, explicit feedback on the action they just performed.Prevent user frustration when they think the process was a success, but there was, in fact, a problem. #Forms #Development Best practice n°84 The user is alerted at the beginning of a complex process to the nature of the required data and documents Increase the success rate of the complex process.Maintain and enhance the brand image. #Accessibility #Forms #Design Best practice n°85 Complex processes are accompanied by a list of their steps. Give users visibility of the actions they are going to be performing (time, order of steps, information required to complete them, etc.).Prevent users from feeling trapped in a process that takes longer than expected. #Forms #Design Best practice n°86 The current step in a complex process is indicated. Allow users to determine their progress in a process.Reassure users when engaged in a complex process. #Forms #Design Best practice n°87 Each step in a complex process allows the user to go back to the previous step. Simplify the use of forms divided over several pages in a row.Reduce the risk of input errors.Limit the risk of abandoning the process. #Forms #Development Best practice n°88 The user is warned when they will lose information if they go back using their browser’s history during a complex process. Simplify the use of forms divided over several pages in a row.Limit the risk of abandoning the process. #Forms #Development Best practice n°89 Navigating through a complex process does not cause any previously-submitted data to be lost. Simplify input and corrections in forms divided into multiple steps.Limit the risk of abandoning the procedure. #Forms #Development Best practice n°90 Copy-and-paste is possible in the form’s fields. Simplify form completion. #Forms #Development Best practice n°91 The items in a drop-down list are grouped together appropriately, where applicable. Allow technical aids to return a list to the user whose organization is clear to see; and that simplifies moving from one item on the list to another.Foster the accurate rendering of complex drop-down lists in every browser.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Editorial Best practice n°92 The lists of form options are presented in an identifiable order. Give users fast access to the item they want in a list.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development Best practice n°93 Email, URL, telephone number, search, password, and date and time input fields are assigned an appropriate input type. Allow the use of virtual keyboards adapted to the different input modes on mobile devices.Facilitate submission of the input data.Improve compatibility with mobile terminals. #Mobile #Forms #Development Best practice n°94 The homepage explains the nature of the content and services offered. Give users an immediate view of the nature of the website and the content it offers.Avoid needless searching.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°95 If the site is reserved or intended for a specific audience, that audience is mentioned, at least on the homepage. Void pointless visits.Give users a warning. #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°96 The identity of the author, the company or the organization is indicated. Reassure users, by allowing them to directly identify the author (in the broadest senseof the term).Limit the risk of mistrust.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°97 Each page provides a title that enables one to identify the site Allow users to immediately identify the website in tabs, favorites, windows,browser histories, and screen readers.Improve the site’s SEO and its presentation in search engine results. #SEO #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°98 Each page provides a title that enables one to identify its content Allow users to immediately identify the nature of each page’s content in tabs, favorites, windows, browser histories, and screen readers.Improve the pages’ SEO and their presentation in search engine results.To improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #SEO #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°99 The source code of the pages contains a valid call to a favourite icon (“favicon”) Improve the visual identification of the site and its pages.Facilitate identification in the browser and the favorites or bookmarks.Enable all browsers to display, call and, potentially, memorize the favicon. #Identification and contact #Development Best practice n°100 The complete address and telephone number of companies and organizations are available from all pages of the site. Give interested users the possibility of easily accessing the entity’s telephone and mailing contact information.To improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°101 The registration number issued to companies or organizations under the legal registration procedures in force in their country is indicated. Give users a verifiable indication of the official existence of the structure offering the content or services. #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°102 The site provides at least two means of contact. Optimize options for users to provide feedback.Avoid putting a user in a difficult position, if one of the means of contact is unavailable or causing problems to the user. #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°103 Response times for information requests are indicated. Give users a quantified timeframe for a response.Limit the risk of follow-up by users.Reassure users about the site managers’ ability to respond to requests. #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°104 The operating hours and prices for the services made available to users are indicated. inform users of the services that are available to them and how they work. #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°105 Each request for information is followed by an acknowledgement receipt. Inform users that their requests have been received.Give users a confirmation receipt of their request for information, which they can save. #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°106 All emails provide at least one means of contact Allowing the user to respond to emails or contact.Maintain or improve the brand image of the service. #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°107 The site provides at least one means of contacting the person in charge of complaints. Allow users to reach out to, or to send their complaints directly to the right person.Reassure users that they can easily interact with the complaint department, in the event of a problem. #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°108 The site provides at least one means of contacting the moderator of public spaces. Allow users to contact the moderator, so they can request corrections, ask questions or report abuse. #Privacy #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°109 The identity of the person or department responsible for the content is indicated. Allow users to unambiguously identify a physical person capable of answering any questions about the available content, or who will assume responsibility for that content. #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°110 If the site claims to adhere to one or more standards or guidelines, a link is provided to each of them. Guide users’ understanding of the quality, accessibility and other rulesapplied to the website.Increase confidence in the information provided on the website. #Identification and contact #Editorial Best practice n°111 Each decorative image has an appropriate text alternative. Prevent users in environments where images are not seen (text browsers, screen readers or browsers with the images disabled) from being bothered by information about images that are unimportant to them.Provide only pertinent information to web crawlers.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Images and media #Editorial Best practice n°112 Each image link has an appropriate text alternative. Allow users in environments where images are not seen (text browsers, screen readers or browsers with the images disabled) to understand the meaning of the links attached to images that they cannot see.Enable bots to exploit the information carried by the image links (to reference, index and perform machine translation on the image text alternatives).Enable the display of relevant text while images are loading.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Images and media #Editorial Best practice n°113 Each information-carrying image has an appropriate text alternative. Allow users in environments where images are not seen (text browsers, screen readers or browsers with the images disabled) Understand the meaning of the images that they cannot see.Enable bots to exploit the information carried by the images (to reference, index and perform machine translation on the image text alternatives).Enable the display of relevant text while images are loading.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Images and media #Editorial Best practice n°114 Thumbnails and previews are not larger images resized on the client side. Decrease the amount of data to download. Improve page display speed. Decrease the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Images and media #Development Best practice n°115 Included objects have an appropriate text alternative. provide access to the information to users whose browsers or platforms don’t support the inclusion of objects or the technologies used by the included objects.facilitate the exploitation of that content by bots (especially web crawlers).simplify the presentation and/or reuse of the included content.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Images and media #Editorial Best practice n°116 Each audio and video content is accompanied by a text transcription. Give users, unable to perceive the proposed sound or image, access to a texttranscription as an alternative.Give users, unable to hear the sound, access to the information contained in thevideo.Enable bots to exploit the information, in order to improve its indexing andreferencing, or to translate it using online language tools. #SEO #Images and media #Editorial Best practice n°117 Videos have synchronized subtitles. Allow deaf users to access video content.Allow all users to access the content of the video.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Images and media #Editorial Best practice n°118 The length of video and audio content is indicated. Inform users, so they can decide whether ornot to play or download the content, with full knowledge of the facts.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Images and media #Development Best practice n°119 Videos are user-triggered. Allow the user to control the video content when consulting the site.Do not impose for the user the automatic triggering of video or any animated content.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Images and media #Development Best practice n°120 Sounds are user-triggered. Give the user control over the visual and auditory interface when visiting a website.Do not surprise the user by unexpectedly playing audio content.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Images and media #Development Best practice n°121 Video content and animations, sounds and flashes can be paused. Give the user control over video and any animations when viewing content.Do not distract the user’s attention by forcing elements on them that might annoy them.Allow sequential animations and sound content to be accessed step by step.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Images and media #Development Best practice n°122 The running of video or any animation does not block access to navigation or content. Give users direct, immediate access to the content, even when the webmaster has decided to propose video, animation or an ad beforehand. #Images and media #Development Best practice n°123 The international dialling codes are available for all phone numbers. Enable the immediate use of telephone contacts, regardless of the user’s environment. #Internationalization #Editorial Best practice n°124 The country is specified for all mailing addresses. Allow users to immediately and unambiguously identify the country associated with the mailing address, and without having to make use of other information(city/town, region, zip code or phone number) to determine it. #Internationalization #Editorial Best practice n°125 Each page’s source code indicates the content’s main language. Cultivate content indexing by language.Facilitate machine translation.Enable correct reading of the content by a synthesized speech tool.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Internationalization #Development Best practice n°126 The main language of a link’s target page can be identified when it differs from the main language of the original page. Allow users and navigation tools to anticipate the change in language mid-navigation.Prevent users from being taken to pages whose language they don’t understand. #Internationalization #Editorial Best practice n°127 Each language change is identified. Enable technical aids to correctly interpret content expressed in another language.Simplify the work of machine translation tools.Enable web crawlers to extract strings of characters in a given language.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Internationalization #Editorial Best practice n°128 Links to translated versions point directly to the current page’s translation. Provide direct and immediate access to translations of the current page. #Internationalization #Editorial Best practice n°129 Links to equivalent versions of a page or site are written in the target language. Allow users to immediately identify the relevant link.Make links that were specially created for a specific audience understandable. #Internationalization #Editorial Best practice n°130 The server respects the preferential order of languages specified by user agents. Priority is given to sending the user the version of the page corresponding to the language he or she has indicated in the preferences the user agent tool. #Internationalization #Development Best practice n°131 Each link has a title in the source code. Prevent users from only having a hard-to-understand URL as a label.Avoid links that become invisible when CSS styles or background images are not handled.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Development Best practice n°132 Each hyperlink’s label describes either its function or the nature of the content of its target. Allow users to accurately identify the nature of the link and prevent incorrect actions.Enable indexing tools to associate a label with a resource.Allow screen readers to explicitly indicate the target and, as a result, to prevent user disorientation.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #SEO #Links #Editorial Best practice n°133 Hyperlinks of the same nature have identical colors, shapes and behaviors on all pages. Accelerate user learning about how the interface works.Improve users’ identification of links and their respective functions. #Links #Design Best practice n°134 Underlining cannot be used for elements other than hyperlinks. Prevent pointless clicking on underlined content perceived as hyperlinks.Simplify the identification of links. #Links #Editorial Best practice n°135 Hyperlinks are visually differentiated from the rest of the content. Allow users to easily identify links in the text, as well as navigation blocks.Improve the visibility and affordance of links in different browsing environments.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Design Best practice n°136 The site applies a different style to visited and unvisited links. Facilitate the identification of content that has already been visited.Facilitate the identification of content that has yet to be explored.Encourage users to navigate to new pages. #Links #Development Best practice n°137 Internal and external hyperlinks are differentiated. Clearly inform users that they are about toLeave the online service that they were visiting.Facilitate the identification of external links. #Links #Development Best practice n°138 Internal links to restricted content are differentiated. Avoid unnecessary clicks and loss of time for users.Prevent user disappointment. #Links #Development Best practice n°139 Links which cause external software to open have an explicit label. Avoid the unexpected launch of software other than the web browser on the client workstation.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Editorial Best practice n°140 Telephone numbers can be enabled using the appropriate protocol. Facilitate easier use of telephone numbers, particularly on mobile devices. #Mobile #Links #Development Best practice n°141 The user is notified when new windows are to be opened. Allow users to anticipate what will happen when a link is activated.Prevent users of technical aids from becoming disoriented when a new window opens, which Is not always perceptible and which disrupts the use of the browsing history, in particular.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Editorial Best practice n°142 The format of the files available for download is indicated. Let users know, in a timely manner, whether their tools will allow them to view the downloadable files.Reduce server load by avoiding needless downloads.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Development Best practice n°143 The size of the internal files available for downloading is indicated. Provide advance notice to the users on the quantity of data that will be downloaded, as aPreventive measure.Allow users to wait to download the file over a low-speed or mobile connection.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Editorial Best practice n°144 The language of downloadable files is mentioned when it is different to the original page. Avoid pointless downloads for users.Inform users about the files they’re going to download.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Editorial Best practice n°145 Internal names for downloadable files make it possible to identify their content and origin. Improve the identification of internal files.Avoid confusion for the user. #Links #Editorial Best practice n°146 The website does not prohibit or restrict incoming. Facilitate referencing through backlinks.Increase the site’s visibility to users.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Links #Editorial Best practice n°147 All hyperlinks internal to the site are valid. Avoid 404 errors while browsing.Facilitate fast access to all of the content.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Links #Editorial Best practice n°148 If the site is not restricted to a specific public, its content can be accessed directly. Allow users to immediately start navigating the resource they requested.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Navigation #Editorial Best practice n°149 Navigating the website does not open any pop-up windows. Allow users to navigate the website without having to perform any particular actions during their navigation.Prevent users of technical aids from becoming disoriented when a new window opens, which will not always be perceptible and which disrupts the use of the browsing history, in particular, or hides the main window on a screen reader.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #Accessibility #Navigation #Design Best practice n°150 It is possible to return to the homepage from any page. Let users return to the homepage if they get disoriented.Facilitate easy identification of the home page link at all times. #Navigation #Design Best practice n°151 Each page displays information about its location in the site’s tree structure. Let users identify their location on the website.Simplify scanning by search engines.Facilitate navigation of the content tree. #Navigation #Design Best practice n°152 Active menu items are identifiable. Give users an additional way to find their way around the site's architecture.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Navigation #Development Best practice n°153 Navigation blocks of the same nature are in the same place on every page. Facilitate users’ learning of how to navigate the interface.Simplify the identification of information. #Accessibility #Navigation #Design Best practice n°154 Navigation icons are provided with an explicit legend. Reduce the time it takes to learn to use the interface.Facilitate your users’ understanding of the icons.Reduce the risk of error.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Navigation #Design Best practice n°155 Mechanisms for closing windows are visually linked to their content. Reduce the time it takes to learn to use the interface.Speed up access to the content.Simplify navigation. #Navigation #Design Best practice n°156 Mechanisms for closing windows are immediately available. Reduce the time it takes to learn to use the interface.Speed up access to the content.Reduce the bounce rate. #Navigation #Development Best practice n°157 Newly dimensioned windows and modal windows are equipped with an explicit close button. Give users explicit information.Speed up access to the content. #Navigation #Development Best practice n°158 Mechanisms for closing windows are shown in the same location on every page. Reduce the time it takes to learn to use the interface.speed up access to the content.Simplify navigation. #Navigation #Design Best practice n°159 Each page contains quick-access links placed at the beginning of the source code. Allow users visiting the pages in a linear fashion (in voice mode) or a semi-linear way (on a small screen) to not have to scroll through all of each page’s elements in order to access the content.Provide shortcuts that accelerate keyboard navigation and that avoid the repetition of keyboard actions in order to browse through the page and get to the zone they want.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Navigation #Development Best practice n°160 Keyboard focus has not been removed or masked. Allow navigation using the keyboard or input devices or other mechanisms that are not reliant on the mouse. #Accessibility #Navigation #Development Best practice n°161 The website can be used and navigated in its entirety using only a keyboard. Allow keyboard navigation for users with a preference for that practice.Allow content to be accessed and services to be used, regardless of the input device, so as to make them accessible by users of technical aids (screen readers, for example) who only utilize the keyboard or a more specific device based on the same mechanisms as a keyboard (like a push button).Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Navigation #Development Best practice n°162 Keyboard navigation is set up in a predictable order. Enable keyboard navigation.Not to confuse the user.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Navigation #Development Best practice n°163 The site offers an internal search engine. Provide users with an alternative navigation solution and fast access to the content associated with the keywords.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Navigation #Design Best practice n°164 Each page of search results can be reached via a web address. allow users to share search results or share them as a bookmark. #Ecodesign #Navigation #Development Best practice n°165 It is possible to relaunch a search from its results page. Improve and speed up search operations by users.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Navigation #Development Best practice n°166 The sitemap is available from every page. Provide users with a solution, in case they become disoriented, for navigating and getting their bearings within the site and for viewing all of the contents and the size of the site.Encourage content managers to provide graphic representations and streamline their content.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #SEO #Navigation #Design Best practice n°167 The time limits imposed on an action or access are indicated. Warn users with special handling constraints or time.Avoid loss of data and time to the user.Preventing control failures. #Navigation #Development Best practice n°168 Subscribing to newsletters is subject to a confirmation process. Prevent third parties from subscribing someone else to a newsletter.Check that the email address was input correctly. #Privacy #Newsletter #Editorial Best practice n°169 An unsubscribe link is provided in each newsletter. Allow subscribers to stop receiving a newsletter. #Privacy #Newsletter #Development Best practice n°170 Unsubscribing from within the newsletter does not require email confirmation. Not to force an extra step on the users when not necessarily in that context.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Newsletter #Development Best practice n°171 It is possible to unsubscribe from newsletters from the website. Allow users to unsubscribe, without necessarily having to send out an email. #Privacy #Newsletter #Development Best practice n°172 The latest edition of the newsletter is available online. Give users an idea of the newsletter that is sent out to subscribers.Allow users to access the newsletter outside the constraints of email.Boost your content’s referencing. #Newsletter #Design Best practice n°173 Newsletter archives are available online. Simplify the consultation of your archived newsletters.Give users an idea of the newsletter that is sent out to subscribers.Boost your content’s referencing.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Newsletter #Development Best practice n°174 The newsletters’ frequency can be found before subscribing. Tell users, before they sign up, how often they can expect to receive the newsletter. #Newsletter #Design Best practice n°175 The graphic charter is consistent throughout the site. Ensure consistency and continuity while visiting and navigating.Provide continuous identification of the visited online service. #Presentation #Design Best practice n°176 Information is not conveyed by color alone. Give users whose browser, platform, technical aid or disability (like color-blindness) prevents them from viewing or differentiating between colorsMake the information accessible by web crawlers.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Presentation #Design Best practice n°177 Content is presented with sufficient contrast to its background. Provide good readability of your content.Limit the mental load while reading.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Presentation #Design Best practice n°178 The content and meaning of each page are not altered when styles are disabled. Allow users whose browsers don’t apply the website’s style sheets or whose method of access is not visible to understand the site’s content.Meticulously separate the content from its presentation, to foster interoperability.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Presentation #Development Best practice n°179 Content is not only designated by its shape or its position on the screen. Allow users to understand the information without having access to the visual medium or when its rendering has been altered.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Presentation #Editorial Best practice n°180 Content that needs to be reproduced by screen readers is not hidden from them. Ensure the correct reproduction of masked content to be read by screen readers.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Presentation #Development Best practice n°181 The size of the clickable elements is sufficient. Allow the user to click on clickable items.Limit false manipulations and excessive handling.Improve compatibility with mobile devices.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve compatibility with mobile terminals. #Mobile #Presentation #Design Best practice n°182 Texts that can be formatted via styles are not replaced by images. Facilitate the rendering’s adaptation to the medium (mobile or other) or to the user’s needs (increasing the characters’ size, changing the colors, the font, the bolding, the alignment, etc.).Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #SEO #Presentation #Editorial Best practice n°183 Content generated via styles is provided with a suitable alternative. Ensure access to the content, regardless of whether or not the CSS formatting layer is handled. Allow content to be reused on media and platforms that do not handle formatting for on-screen display. Give users in environments where styles arenot reproduced (text browsers, screen readers or browsers with the images disabled) access to information that takes the form of CSS-generated content (particularly background images).Enable bots to exploit the information carried by CSS styles (to reference, index and perform machine translation on the alternatives).Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #SEO #Presentation #Development Best practice n°184 Typographic symbols have an appropriate alternative. Enable users in environments where the CSS fonts used to display symbols are not reproduced (text browsers, screen readers or browsers with the images disabled) to understand the meanings of those symbols.Enable bots to exploit the information carried by those symbols (to reference, index and perform machine translation on the alternatives).Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Presentation #Development Best practice n°185 A generic font family is listed as the last alternative in font family lists. Enable your content to display correctly,even when the planned fonts don’t exist on a user’s system. #Presentation #Development Best practice n°186 Styles do not justify the text. Simplify reading on the screen, especially for people with dyslexia.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #Accessibility #Presentation #Development Best practice n°187 Capitalization for decorative purposes is done using styles. Enable cutting-and-pasting of content, regardless of any all-caps formatting.Simplify the adaptation of formatting to users with trouble reading texts in all caps. #Presentation #Editorial Best practice n°188 The website does not block the browser’s zoom functionalities. Allow users to adapt the rendering to their needs or preferences, by means of the graphic zoom.mprove your positioning in web crawlers that take this criterion into account.Improve compatibility with mobile terminals. #Mobile #Presentation #Development Best practice n°189 The website offers one or more mechanisms for adapting to mobile devices. Facilitate access on mobile devices. #Mobile #Presentation #Development Best practice n°190 The site offers styles dedicated to printing. Allow content to be printed in a form that is appropriate to the medium. #Presentation #Development Best practice n°191 The content of each page can be printed without printing the navigation blocks. Improve the readability and the relevance of the printed content.Streamline the space used by the printed content and save paper.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Presentation #Development Best practice n°192 All pages use the HTTPS protocol. Prevent the risk of interception and data theft.Improve security of the website.Reassure users. #Security #Development Best practice n°193 Security certificates are signed and currently valid Allow users to check the certificate’s validity and to contribute to transactional security. #Security #Development Best practice n°194 Pages using HTTPS have a strict transport header. Improve exchange security.Preventing the risk of attacks. #Security #Development Best practice n°195 Pages using the HTTPS protocol do not offer HTTP resources. Prevent alerts on the users' side.Improve safety for all site resources. #Security #Development Best practice n°196 Password operations can be carried out in their entirety online. Provide an immediate solution to the user's problem.Limit the difficulties in the use of other modes of communication. #Security #Development Best practice n°197 Passwords can be chosen and changed by the user Allow users to choose personalized passwords.Avoid users struggling to remember their passwords every time they log in. #Security #Development Best practice n°198 A mechanism raises the user's awareness regarding their password's level of security Inform users of the level of security of their selected passwords and, therefore, the risk of being hacked. #Security #Development Best practice n°199 The site provides a way to reinitialise a password. Allow users to access their accounts, even if they have lost their passwords.Simplify user account management.Boost security, by preventing the storage of passwords that are unencrypted so they can be re-sent to their users. #Security #Development Best practice n°200 The site doesn't communicate a password by email. Limit the risk of interception of passwords. #Security #Development Best practice n°201 The headers sent by the server disable automatic detection of each resource’s MIME type. Reduce the risk of downloading dangerous hidden content. #Security #Development Best practice n°202 The server indicates each resource’s MIME type. Reduce the risk of downloading dangerous hidden content. #Security #Development Best practice n°203 Information relative to transaction security is indicated. Inform users about the security of exchanges of sensitive data. #Security #Editorial Best practice n°204 The server does not send the file listing of directories with no index page. Prevent the display of lists of files contained in a directory.improve the server’s security.Reduce the risk of intrusion. #Security #Development Best practice n°205 The server sends activation information for protection against cross-site scripting. Reduce the risk of downloading dangerous hidden content. #Security #Development Best practice n°206 The server sends information that indicates which domains are allowed to embed its pages in frames Reduce the risk of your content being used in misleading ways. #Security #Development Best practice n°207 The website offers a security mechanism that limits the sources of its content. Reduce the risk of executing or serving content that is undesirable or that comes from an unauthorized source. #Security #Development Best practice n°208 The server doesn't communicate information on the software and languages used. Prevent the risk of intrusion on the server. Prevent the appearance of malicious content or scripts on the site. #Security #Development Best practice n°209 Integrity control of third party resources is present and valid. Prevent the appearance of malicious content or scripts on the site #Security #Development Best practice n°210 The website offers at least two mechanisms to validate a secure operation. Prevent the risk of operational failure.Avoid exclusion of users for technical or material reasons. #Security #Development Best practice n°211 The address of the website and of its subdomains works with and without a www prefix. Allow users to reach the site’s homepage, even if they forget to enter the “www” prefix.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Server and performances #Development Best practice n°212 The website’s root contains instructions for web crawlers. Enable targeted referencing.Improve guidance for search tools.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Server and performances #Development Best practice n°213 The website provides a sitemap file listing the content to be crawled. Provide summary information about all of the available content that is machine-readable.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Server and performances #Editorial Best practice n°214 The server does not force redirects from the desktop version to the mobile version or application. leave the choice of version to the users and their own personal preferences.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Mobile #Server and performances #Development Best practice n°215 The server sends a 404 HTTP error code for resources not found Enable the automated detection of incorrect URLs.Send reliable information to the browser.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Server and performances #Development Best practice n°216 The server sends a customised 404 Not found error page Inform users of the error encountered and of the server’s continuing operation.Inform users that the problem isn't caused by their connectivity. #Server and performances #Development Best practice n°217 The server sends a customised 403 “Forbidden” error page. Reassure users that they are still on the same website.Allow the webmaster to provide guidance to your users.Inform users of the error encountered and of the server’s continuing operation.Inform users that the problem isn't caused by their connectivity. #Server and performances #Development Best practice n°218 The main navigation menu is displayed on custom error pages. Save users from any interruption in their navigation, landing on dead-end pages, or being forced to use their browser’s Back button. #Server and performances #Development Best practice n°219 The server transmits compressed contents to the clients which accept them. Improve the speed of the page’s rendering.Reduce bandwidth costs.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Server and performances #Development Best practice n°220 The server sends information to enable the caching of contents Speed up the display of content and enable a smoother navigation experience.Reduce bandwidth costs. #Server and performances #Development Best practice n°221 Headers sent by the server contain information pertaining to the character set used Allow the browser to choose the right character encoding to display the page.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Server and performances #Development Best practice n°222 Style sheets of the site are minified. Minimize the quantity of data for users to download.Improve performance.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Server and performances #Development Best practice n°223 Scripts of the site are minified. Speed up the display of your pages.Improve performance.Reduce the quantity of data to download.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Server and performances #Development Best practice n°224 The date of publication or update of the contents is made available in a programmatic form. Provide date of publication to search engines and indexing tools.Improving the integration of content by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Structure and code #Development Best practice n°225 Each page’s source code contains metadata which defines the character set used. Display pages offline correctly, by telling the browser which character set was used.Prevent the risk of character display problems associated with the sometimes unsure functioning of browsers’ catch-up mechanisms when they don’t receive the necessary information from the HTTP content-type header.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Structure and code #Development Best practice n°226 The character encoding is UTF-8. Use an international character set.Prevent display faults.Simplify content manipulation by users and developers. #Structure and code #Development Best practice n°227 Each page’s content is organized according to a hierarchical structure of headings and sub-headings. Allow interested users to view and navigate through the structure of the page’s content.Enable machines and indexing tools to extract each page’s map.Improve SEO by simplifying the content’s interpretation by web crawlers.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Structure and code #Editorial Best practice n°228 Elements that are visually displayed as lists are tagged in an appropriate way in the source code. Enable browsers and technical aids to identify lists and then reproduce them accurately, in order to facilitate their understanding by users.Improve the semantics of page content and its reusability.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Structure and code #Editorial Best practice n°229 Each HTML ID is only used once per page. Prevent content reproduction errors and interaction errors via scripts.Limit the risk of random interpretation of the Document Object Model (DOM) by different user agents.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Structure and code #Development Best practice n°230 The website does not block the copying of content. Facilitate the use of content by users (translation, reference, quotation etc.) Allow users to control their browsers. #Structure and code #Development Best practice n°231 The website does not block access to the contextual menu. Facilitate navigation and access to the functionalities of the consultation tools.Leaving users in control of their menus and actions. #Structure and code #Development Best practice n°232 The site does not force any redirects or auto-refreshes on the client side. Allow users to maintain control over their work environments.prevent cut-offs or losses of information while reading, particularly for users with screen readers whose functions would be interrupted by a timed refresh or redirect.Not penalize mobile users trying to access content when their network signal is variable over short periods of time.Prevent unwanted increases in the cost to users of using mobile data. #Accessibility #Structure and code #Development Best practice n°233 The text of internal PDF documents can be selected. Enable the referencing of the contents of PDF documents.Simplify the handling and reuse of the contents of PDF documents.Ensure the readability of the contents of PDF documents.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Structure and code #Editorial Best practice n°234 Internal PDF documents are given a structure based on titles. Give users direct access to the different sections of a PDF file.Provide a structure of headings to users who need that.allow PDFs to be read using a technical aid.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools #SEO #Structure and code #Editorial Best practice n°235 Syndication feeds can be detected by user agents Allow browsers to indicate, in their interfaces, the presence of a syndication feed associated with the current page. #Structure and code #Development Best practice n°236 Cells in data tables are linked to their headers Allow technical aids to return the information contained in data tables in a comprehensible way, by informing users of the logical relationships between the table’s content and headers. #Accessibility #Structure and code #Editorial Best practice n°237 Captions for data tables are provided Allow users of technical aids (like screen readers) to easily identify the nature of the information provided in a table. #Accessibility #Structure and code #Editorial Best practice n°238 Linearising tables used for layout does not impede the understanding of contents Supply content that is understandable to users whose user agents or technical aids (screen readers) cannot reconstruct the formatting that was initially defined by a table. #Accessibility #Structure and code #Development Best practice n°239 Data tables are not replaced by images. Give users access to tables that are exploitable by their user agents and that can be reproduced in a way that will always be understandable. #SEO #Structure and code #Editorial Best practice n°240 Data tables are not simulated through styled text Give users access to tables that are exploitable by their user agents and that can be reproduced in a way that will always be understandable.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #SEO #Structure and code #Development
Best practice n°1 The site provides a way for users to find out about new content and services. Enable users to immediately identify new online content and services. Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #Mobile #Content #Editorial
Best practice n°2 Information about copyrights and reuse rights is available from every page. Inform the users of the conditions under which the content is published.Inform the users of the conditions for copying and reusing the content. #Content #Editorial
Best practice n°3 Each page’s source code contains metadata that describes the content. Enable search and indexing tools to extract information about the pages’ content and, as a result, Improve the search results returned to users.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools." #SEO #Content #Editorial
Best practice n°4 Dates are presented in an explicit format. Prevent users from misinterpreting the meaning of a date.Simplify the comprehension and reuse of the relevant content. #Content #Editorial
Best practice n°5 The first occurrence of an abbreviation or an acronym in the body of any page gives access to an explanation of its meaning. Allow users to quickly understand the meaning of an acronym.Enable bots to exploit the content (in order to establish an index of abbreviations).Foster referencing of the content.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Content #Editorial
Best practice n°6 The publication date of the contents is indicated when needed. Allow the user to put the information into context.Prevent the dissemination of false or obsolete information.Strengthen trust in the information and facilitate citations. #Content #Design
Best practice n°7 A lexicon or a glossary adapted to the target audience explains the industry-specific or technical vocabulary used. Allow users to understand industry-specific and technical content.Simplify use of a service.Improve SEO on keywords or technical expressions.improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Content #Editorial
Best practice n°8 Advertisements and sponsored content are identified as such. Enable the immediate identification of advertisements and sponsored content.Avoid confusion between editorial and advertising content.Prevent the risks associated with conflicts of interest. #Content #Editorial
Best practice n°9 The conditions for moderation of public spaces are indicated. Explain to the users why and how their posts may be moderated.Reduce the number of complaints from users who don’t see their posts online. #Content #Editorial
Best practice n°10 Content and files intended for public spaces can be checked before upload. Allow users to check their input in context and, if necessary, to correct it before submitting it.Reduce the number of correction and removal requests. #Content #Development
Best practice n°11 Public spaces offer at least one way to report abuse. Simplify reporting of illegal or inappropriate content.Speed up the detection of such content.Limit the risk of accessing illegal or inappropriate content. #Content #Design
Best practice n°12 Each graph is accompanied by its numerical data. Enable or improve understanding of the graph.Improve the accessibility of the contents for people with disabilities. Improve the consideration of contents by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Content #Editorial
Best practice n°13 The search result page indicates the number of results, the number of pages of results, and the number of results per page. Give users access to all of the essential information related to the search that they ran. #Content #Development
Best practice n°14 The privacy and confidentiality policy is available from any page. Give users access to the conditions under which their personal data are conserved. #Privacy #Personal data #Editorial
Best practice n°15 The process of accessing and modifying personal data is described. Inform users of how their personal data will be used.Boost confidence in the site or service.Simplify the management of requests related to personal data. #Privacy #Personal data #Editorial
Best practice n°16 Account creation is possible without the need to use a third-party identification system. let users choose whether or not they want to use a third-party service.Provide an alternate means of access to the service.Provide a means of access under the control of the service’s administrators.Limit your dependence on a third party, whose policies and technical and sales strategy will undoubtedly change over time. #Privacy #Personal data #Development
Best practice n°17 Account creation is subject to a confirmation process. Reduce the risk of users being registered without their knowledge. #Privacy #Personal data #Development
Best practice n°18 The site offers a mechanism to prevent account or identity theft. Strengthen user safety and confidence by preventing the risk of identity theft.Limit the costs of processing impersonations for the user and the online service.Strengthen users' confidence in the use of their data. #Privacy #Personal data #Development
Best practice n°19 Accounts and subscriptions opened online can be closed online by the same method. Spare the user complicated procedures in order to leave the service.Let the user know, right off the bat, that they won’t be trapped into the service.Cut the cost of user account management.Boost confidence in the site or service.Improve your reputation and reduce the risk of bad press. #Privacy #Personal data #Development
Best practice n°20 If the site offers a personal or subscriber space, it is possible to download personal content. Enable user-generated content to be archived.Avoid the user having to re-enter data, in the event of their reuse of content. #Privacy #Personal data #Development
Best practice n°21 Connection to all the services offered is possible with the same identifiers. Allow users to retain or store unique identifiers.Accelerate connection and improve the user experience.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data #Privacy #Personal data #Development
Best practice n°22 It is possible to log out from private areas. Allow user to protect their personal data and content.Limit the risk of identity theft.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data #Privacy #Personal data #Development
Best practice n°23 The website accepts email aliases containing the + sign. Allow users to use mail accounts dedicated to a specific use.Allow users to trace the spread of their email addresses.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data #Privacy #Personal data #Development
Best practice n°24 The headers sent by the server specify the communication policy of the referrers. Protect users from disclosing any sensitive information about their navigation.Mastering the information sent by the server.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data #Privacy #Personal data #Development
Best practice n°25 External links that open in a new window don't share contextual information. Preventing the transmission of personal data.Prevent the execution of malicious code.Prevent performance losses related to the sharing of resources in multiple windows.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data #Privacy #Personal data #Development
Best practice n°26 Exchanges of sensitive data are securely transmitted and reported as such. Reassure users.Allow users to enter sensitive data, safe in the knowledge that They will be protected. Minimize the risk of fraudulent use of user data. #Personal data #Editorial
Best practice n°27 Sensitive data is not transmitted unencrypted through URLs. Prevent sensitive data from being made public or stored Unencrypted at any stage in accessing a page (ISP, proxy, web Server, browser history, third-party services, etc.).Allow users to enter sensitive data, safe in the knowledge that They will be protected and kept confidential. #Personal data #Development
Best practice n°28 The purpose of using cookies, as well as the limitations inherent in refusing them, are explained. Inform users about the use of cookies.Explain their role and their purpose. #Privacy #Personal data #Editorial
Best practice n°29 A product or service can be purchased without creating an account. Allow buyers to place an order immediately.Remove the barrier of account creation.Increase the conversion rate. #Privacy #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°30 The details of each item can be viewed from the shopping cart. Allow user to check his order.Prevent operating errors #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°31 No additional products or services are added to the shopping cart without being user triggered. Give users control over their orders.Not compromise your trusted relationship with your users.Avoid any form of forced sales. #E-Commerce #Design
Best practice n°32 Registration for ancillary services is not enabled by default. Allow the user the choice of his actions.Preventing unintentional commands and associated claims.Prevent potential lawsuits in countries where the practice is prohibited. #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°33 Product availability is indicated before final validation of the order. Anticipate any possible difficulties and delivery delays. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°34 The estimated delivery time is indicated before the final validation of the order. Allow users to plan ahead for the conditions and means of accessing the service or the virtual item.Avoid disappointments and complaints. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°35 The estimated delivery costs are indicated before the final validation of the order. Allow user to decide knowingly.Save time for the user. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°36 The method for retrieving a dematerialised or digital product is specified before placing the order. Allow users to plan ahead for the conditions and means of accessing the service or the virtual item.Avoid disappointments and complaints. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°37 Users can still modify each item’s quantity, and add or delete one or more items, before the final validation of the order. Allow users to easily edit their orders. #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°38 The nature and quantifiable characteristics of products and services are indicated. Allow users to identify the exact nature and specifications of the products.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°39 The period of validity and conditions of special offers and promotions are indicated. Allow users to identify the period during which they can enjoy special offers. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°40 The detailed sub-total is indicated before final validation of the order. Provide users with details of the prices of their orders.Remove an obstacle to order placement. #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°41 The conditions of financing are indicated. Allow users to identify the total amount they will have to pay and how that amount breaks down. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°42 The operating conditions of the after-sales service are indicated. Inform users about the conditions for obtaining assistance and support, if they need it. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°43 Debit and payment conditions are indicated before final order placement. Enable users to identify the detailed payment charge conditions. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°44 Warranty conditions are indicated. Enable users to identify the specific nature of the associated services and their costs. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°45 The terms of sale or use are available from all pages. Provide continuous, easy access to all of the terms and conditions of fulfillment of the service. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°46 The information relating to the delivery zones of the products or the realization of the services are indicated. Avoid pointless browsing and orders, or even a waste of time for your users and for the organization that is offering the goods or services. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°47 The means of payment accepted, and the corresponding procedures are indicated. Give users advance notice of the payment methods and conditions, so they will know whether or not they are able to place an order. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°48 The identity of third parties involved in transactions is specified. Provide users information about partners involved in the transaction #Privacy #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°49 The recourse in cases of dispute are indicated in the general terms and conditions of sale or of use. Reassure users before they make a purchase.Give buyers all of the relevant information related to their purchases, whether or not everything goes well. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°50 The address and the terms and conditions for returns are indicated before the final validation of the return order. Allow users to plan ahead in case of any problems with the use and/or operation of the good or service.Reduce the strain on customer service. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°51 The cost of the return is indicated before the final validation of the return order. Inform users of the cost if returned products.Increase conversion rates. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°52 The mode of filing and the procedure for handling complaints are indicated. Allow users to understand or anticipate any problems they may encounter on the website or during a transaction. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°53 The conditions for reimbursement are indicated. Allow users to identify the exact documents required, if they need to return a product.Anticipate potential problems, in the case of a refund request submitted after the statutory cooling-off period.Reduce the number of needless procedures and the number of customer service requests.Increase an e-commerce site’s conversion rate. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°54 The hardware and software necessary for the operation of the service are indicated before final validation of the order. Allow users to anticipate the conditions and means of use of the service.Reduce complaints #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°55 The displayed prices show the applied taxes and any additional charges, as well as tax-exclusive prices. Allow users to identify the precise total amount they will have to pay, before placing an order.Enable users to accurately identify different itemizations and any deductible amounts. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°56 Different shipping and billing addresses can be specified. Allow users to have their purchases delivered to the location of their choice. #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°57 The website accepts at least two methods of payment. Allow users to choose their preferred payment method in their specific situation.Offer at least one alternative to users temporarily or permanently unable to use a particular payment method. #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°58 Personal banking information is only stored after the explicit consent of the user. Leave the master user of his choice in banking data storage.Prevent potential legal problems in case of complaint or data theft.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data. #Privacy #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°59 The personal banking information stored by the site can be modified or deleted at any time. Prevent the risk of fraud by allowing preventive delete data.Give users control over their data bank.Prevent payment errors by allowing preventive updated bank data.Strengthen user confidence in the use of their data #Privacy #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°60 The transaction’s reference number is displayed to the customer, once the order has been placed. Allow users to see and, potentially, print out a trace of their orders.Give users written proof of the transaction.Improve the traceability of transactions. #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°61 The invoices issued are also available online Facilitate operations management and reconciliation by users.Provide a backup of the necessary data to accounting. #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°62 Each invoice is subject to a confirmation email. Prevent loss of information and invoices.Improving traceability of operations. #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°63 Any mention of an affiliation with a professional association, or endorsement by a label or an award, features a link to the source. Give users immediate access, so they can understand what those mentions mean.Enable users to check the information themselves.Increase the level of trust or credibility. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°64 Unavailable products are differentiated by visual and textual means. Allow users to immediately identify products that are unavailable, with no possibility of confusion.Avoid disappointment of when a user starts a purchase, only to discover later on that the product they want is not available. #E-Commerce #Editorial
Best practice n°65 An email providing the transaction’s reference number and the order details is sent after order placement. Give users confirmation of their order information.Allow users to keep a history of their transactions, elsewhere than on the website. #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°66 Each complaint shall be issued with an acknowledgment of receipt. Allow the user to obtain a confirmation of his request outside the context of navigation on the site.Avoid customer service receiving multiple requests for the same complaint. #E-Commerce #Development
Best practice n°67 Each Form Field has its own Label associated with it in the Source Code. Facilitate the understanding of the data expected in forms.Allow technical accessibility aids to render the fields in forms by systematically attaching a label to them, indicating their role and the nature of the expected input.Simplify input by allowing users to select the field by clicking on either its label or the field itself (especially in the case of a checkbox or a radio button).Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development
Best practice n°68 Information supplementing a field’s label is associated with that field in the source code. Optimize the rendering on screen readers, by making it possible to spell out the form’s field labels.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development
Best practice n°69 Each form field’s label indicates whether or not it is a required field. Tell users in advance whether or not a field is required.Prevent mistakes before they are made.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Privacy #Forms #Development
Best practice n°70 Each form field’s label indicates the required data format, where applicable. Reduce the risk of input errors.Reduce the risks associated with sending incorrect or unusable data.Prevent the user from giving up, for lack of information about the expected input.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development
Best practice n°71 The user is warned whenever a field is case-sensitive. Prevent the risk of mistakes and, as a result, prevent the user from having to fill out the same field several times.Prevent confusion in users who think they correctly completed the field, but see it marked as an error.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development
Best practice n°72 The label of each form field indicates the maximum number of characters allowed, where applicable. Preventing transmission errors forms.Preventing data loss. #Forms #Development
Best practice n°73 The creation of a password by the user is subject to a mechanism for the prevention of input errors. Prevent users from entering passwords that don’t match the ones that they wanted or that they memorized. #Forms #Development
Best practice n°74 The characters entered in a password field can be displayed in an un-encrypted text. Simplify password entry, especially on mobile devices’ virtual keyboards.Prevent mistakes. #Forms #Development
Best practice n°75 Each form label is visually associated to the field that it describes. Allow users to unambiguously identify the form’s fields and the type of information they are expected to input.Prevent input errors.Simplify and speed up use of the form, especially on a mobile device or for users of screen magnifiers and, more generally, for any user employing the zoom function.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Design
Best practice n°76 The contextual information relating to a form field has a close visual-proximity to it. Facilitating the use of forms.Prevent input errors.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Design
Best practice n°77 If any data entered in the form are rejected, the fields containing the rejected data are indicated for the user. Provide feedback to users on the actions they just performed.Guide users directly to the items with which they must interact.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities." #Accessibility #Forms #Development
Best practice n°78 If any data entered in the form are rejected, the reason(s) why are indicated to the user. Help users understand what is expected and, by doing so, facilitate their progression to the next step.Prevent user frustration in the face of mistakes for which they don’t have an immediate solution.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development
Best practice n°79 If any data entered in the form are rejected, all the data entered can be modified by the user. Give users control over all of the information that they provide.Simplify the correction of mistakes made by users.Allow users to edit the information they want to change.Prevent the user from leaving the form before it is submitted. #Forms #Development
Best practice n°80 Custom error messages are expressed in the language of the form. Prevent input difficulties and improve the understanding of error messages.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development
Best practice n°81 For forms divided over several pages, an overall summary is displayed before the final version is submitted. Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Forms #Development
Best practice n°82 The page displayed after the form’s submission allows the user to return to their navigation directly. Avoid putting your users off by taking them to a dead-end page, including by means of the browser’s “Previous page” function.Limit the risk of duplicate form submissions. #Forms #Development
Best practice n°83 Form submission is followed by a message indicating whether or not the action was successful. Give the user immediate, explicit feedback on the action they just performed.Prevent user frustration when they think the process was a success, but there was, in fact, a problem. #Forms #Development
Best practice n°84 The user is alerted at the beginning of a complex process to the nature of the required data and documents Increase the success rate of the complex process.Maintain and enhance the brand image. #Accessibility #Forms #Design
Best practice n°85 Complex processes are accompanied by a list of their steps. Give users visibility of the actions they are going to be performing (time, order of steps, information required to complete them, etc.).Prevent users from feeling trapped in a process that takes longer than expected. #Forms #Design
Best practice n°86 The current step in a complex process is indicated. Allow users to determine their progress in a process.Reassure users when engaged in a complex process. #Forms #Design
Best practice n°87 Each step in a complex process allows the user to go back to the previous step. Simplify the use of forms divided over several pages in a row.Reduce the risk of input errors.Limit the risk of abandoning the process. #Forms #Development
Best practice n°88 The user is warned when they will lose information if they go back using their browser’s history during a complex process. Simplify the use of forms divided over several pages in a row.Limit the risk of abandoning the process. #Forms #Development
Best practice n°89 Navigating through a complex process does not cause any previously-submitted data to be lost. Simplify input and corrections in forms divided into multiple steps.Limit the risk of abandoning the procedure. #Forms #Development
Best practice n°90 Copy-and-paste is possible in the form’s fields. Simplify form completion. #Forms #Development
Best practice n°91 The items in a drop-down list are grouped together appropriately, where applicable. Allow technical aids to return a list to the user whose organization is clear to see; and that simplifies moving from one item on the list to another.Foster the accurate rendering of complex drop-down lists in every browser.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Editorial
Best practice n°92 The lists of form options are presented in an identifiable order. Give users fast access to the item they want in a list.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Forms #Development
Best practice n°93 Email, URL, telephone number, search, password, and date and time input fields are assigned an appropriate input type. Allow the use of virtual keyboards adapted to the different input modes on mobile devices.Facilitate submission of the input data.Improve compatibility with mobile terminals. #Mobile #Forms #Development
Best practice n°94 The homepage explains the nature of the content and services offered. Give users an immediate view of the nature of the website and the content it offers.Avoid needless searching.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°95 If the site is reserved or intended for a specific audience, that audience is mentioned, at least on the homepage. Void pointless visits.Give users a warning. #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°96 The identity of the author, the company or the organization is indicated. Reassure users, by allowing them to directly identify the author (in the broadest senseof the term).Limit the risk of mistrust.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°97 Each page provides a title that enables one to identify the site Allow users to immediately identify the website in tabs, favorites, windows,browser histories, and screen readers.Improve the site’s SEO and its presentation in search engine results. #SEO #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°98 Each page provides a title that enables one to identify its content Allow users to immediately identify the nature of each page’s content in tabs, favorites, windows, browser histories, and screen readers.Improve the pages’ SEO and their presentation in search engine results.To improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #SEO #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°99 The source code of the pages contains a valid call to a favourite icon (“favicon”) Improve the visual identification of the site and its pages.Facilitate identification in the browser and the favorites or bookmarks.Enable all browsers to display, call and, potentially, memorize the favicon. #Identification and contact #Development
Best practice n°100 The complete address and telephone number of companies and organizations are available from all pages of the site. Give interested users the possibility of easily accessing the entity’s telephone and mailing contact information.To improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°101 The registration number issued to companies or organizations under the legal registration procedures in force in their country is indicated. Give users a verifiable indication of the official existence of the structure offering the content or services. #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°102 The site provides at least two means of contact. Optimize options for users to provide feedback.Avoid putting a user in a difficult position, if one of the means of contact is unavailable or causing problems to the user. #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°103 Response times for information requests are indicated. Give users a quantified timeframe for a response.Limit the risk of follow-up by users.Reassure users about the site managers’ ability to respond to requests. #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°104 The operating hours and prices for the services made available to users are indicated. inform users of the services that are available to them and how they work. #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°105 Each request for information is followed by an acknowledgement receipt. Inform users that their requests have been received.Give users a confirmation receipt of their request for information, which they can save. #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°106 All emails provide at least one means of contact Allowing the user to respond to emails or contact.Maintain or improve the brand image of the service. #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°107 The site provides at least one means of contacting the person in charge of complaints. Allow users to reach out to, or to send their complaints directly to the right person.Reassure users that they can easily interact with the complaint department, in the event of a problem. #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°108 The site provides at least one means of contacting the moderator of public spaces. Allow users to contact the moderator, so they can request corrections, ask questions or report abuse. #Privacy #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°109 The identity of the person or department responsible for the content is indicated. Allow users to unambiguously identify a physical person capable of answering any questions about the available content, or who will assume responsibility for that content. #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°110 If the site claims to adhere to one or more standards or guidelines, a link is provided to each of them. Guide users’ understanding of the quality, accessibility and other rulesapplied to the website.Increase confidence in the information provided on the website. #Identification and contact #Editorial
Best practice n°111 Each decorative image has an appropriate text alternative. Prevent users in environments where images are not seen (text browsers, screen readers or browsers with the images disabled) from being bothered by information about images that are unimportant to them.Provide only pertinent information to web crawlers.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Images and media #Editorial
Best practice n°112 Each image link has an appropriate text alternative. Allow users in environments where images are not seen (text browsers, screen readers or browsers with the images disabled) to understand the meaning of the links attached to images that they cannot see.Enable bots to exploit the information carried by the image links (to reference, index and perform machine translation on the image text alternatives).Enable the display of relevant text while images are loading.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Images and media #Editorial
Best practice n°113 Each information-carrying image has an appropriate text alternative. Allow users in environments where images are not seen (text browsers, screen readers or browsers with the images disabled) Understand the meaning of the images that they cannot see.Enable bots to exploit the information carried by the images (to reference, index and perform machine translation on the image text alternatives).Enable the display of relevant text while images are loading.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Images and media #Editorial
Best practice n°114 Thumbnails and previews are not larger images resized on the client side. Decrease the amount of data to download. Improve page display speed. Decrease the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Images and media #Development
Best practice n°115 Included objects have an appropriate text alternative. provide access to the information to users whose browsers or platforms don’t support the inclusion of objects or the technologies used by the included objects.facilitate the exploitation of that content by bots (especially web crawlers).simplify the presentation and/or reuse of the included content.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Images and media #Editorial
Best practice n°116 Each audio and video content is accompanied by a text transcription. Give users, unable to perceive the proposed sound or image, access to a texttranscription as an alternative.Give users, unable to hear the sound, access to the information contained in thevideo.Enable bots to exploit the information, in order to improve its indexing andreferencing, or to translate it using online language tools. #SEO #Images and media #Editorial
Best practice n°117 Videos have synchronized subtitles. Allow deaf users to access video content.Allow all users to access the content of the video.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Images and media #Editorial
Best practice n°118 The length of video and audio content is indicated. Inform users, so they can decide whether ornot to play or download the content, with full knowledge of the facts.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Images and media #Development
Best practice n°119 Videos are user-triggered. Allow the user to control the video content when consulting the site.Do not impose for the user the automatic triggering of video or any animated content.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Images and media #Development
Best practice n°120 Sounds are user-triggered. Give the user control over the visual and auditory interface when visiting a website.Do not surprise the user by unexpectedly playing audio content.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Images and media #Development
Best practice n°121 Video content and animations, sounds and flashes can be paused. Give the user control over video and any animations when viewing content.Do not distract the user’s attention by forcing elements on them that might annoy them.Allow sequential animations and sound content to be accessed step by step.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Images and media #Development
Best practice n°122 The running of video or any animation does not block access to navigation or content. Give users direct, immediate access to the content, even when the webmaster has decided to propose video, animation or an ad beforehand. #Images and media #Development
Best practice n°123 The international dialling codes are available for all phone numbers. Enable the immediate use of telephone contacts, regardless of the user’s environment. #Internationalization #Editorial
Best practice n°124 The country is specified for all mailing addresses. Allow users to immediately and unambiguously identify the country associated with the mailing address, and without having to make use of other information(city/town, region, zip code or phone number) to determine it. #Internationalization #Editorial
Best practice n°125 Each page’s source code indicates the content’s main language. Cultivate content indexing by language.Facilitate machine translation.Enable correct reading of the content by a synthesized speech tool.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Internationalization #Development
Best practice n°126 The main language of a link’s target page can be identified when it differs from the main language of the original page. Allow users and navigation tools to anticipate the change in language mid-navigation.Prevent users from being taken to pages whose language they don’t understand. #Internationalization #Editorial
Best practice n°127 Each language change is identified. Enable technical aids to correctly interpret content expressed in another language.Simplify the work of machine translation tools.Enable web crawlers to extract strings of characters in a given language.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Internationalization #Editorial
Best practice n°128 Links to translated versions point directly to the current page’s translation. Provide direct and immediate access to translations of the current page. #Internationalization #Editorial
Best practice n°129 Links to equivalent versions of a page or site are written in the target language. Allow users to immediately identify the relevant link.Make links that were specially created for a specific audience understandable. #Internationalization #Editorial
Best practice n°130 The server respects the preferential order of languages specified by user agents. Priority is given to sending the user the version of the page corresponding to the language he or she has indicated in the preferences the user agent tool. #Internationalization #Development
Best practice n°131 Each link has a title in the source code. Prevent users from only having a hard-to-understand URL as a label.Avoid links that become invisible when CSS styles or background images are not handled.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Development
Best practice n°132 Each hyperlink’s label describes either its function or the nature of the content of its target. Allow users to accurately identify the nature of the link and prevent incorrect actions.Enable indexing tools to associate a label with a resource.Allow screen readers to explicitly indicate the target and, as a result, to prevent user disorientation.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #SEO #Links #Editorial
Best practice n°133 Hyperlinks of the same nature have identical colors, shapes and behaviors on all pages. Accelerate user learning about how the interface works.Improve users’ identification of links and their respective functions. #Links #Design
Best practice n°134 Underlining cannot be used for elements other than hyperlinks. Prevent pointless clicking on underlined content perceived as hyperlinks.Simplify the identification of links. #Links #Editorial
Best practice n°135 Hyperlinks are visually differentiated from the rest of the content. Allow users to easily identify links in the text, as well as navigation blocks.Improve the visibility and affordance of links in different browsing environments.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Design
Best practice n°136 The site applies a different style to visited and unvisited links. Facilitate the identification of content that has already been visited.Facilitate the identification of content that has yet to be explored.Encourage users to navigate to new pages. #Links #Development
Best practice n°137 Internal and external hyperlinks are differentiated. Clearly inform users that they are about toLeave the online service that they were visiting.Facilitate the identification of external links. #Links #Development
Best practice n°138 Internal links to restricted content are differentiated. Avoid unnecessary clicks and loss of time for users.Prevent user disappointment. #Links #Development
Best practice n°139 Links which cause external software to open have an explicit label. Avoid the unexpected launch of software other than the web browser on the client workstation.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Editorial
Best practice n°140 Telephone numbers can be enabled using the appropriate protocol. Facilitate easier use of telephone numbers, particularly on mobile devices. #Mobile #Links #Development
Best practice n°141 The user is notified when new windows are to be opened. Allow users to anticipate what will happen when a link is activated.Prevent users of technical aids from becoming disoriented when a new window opens, which Is not always perceptible and which disrupts the use of the browsing history, in particular.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Editorial
Best practice n°142 The format of the files available for download is indicated. Let users know, in a timely manner, whether their tools will allow them to view the downloadable files.Reduce server load by avoiding needless downloads.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Development
Best practice n°143 The size of the internal files available for downloading is indicated. Provide advance notice to the users on the quantity of data that will be downloaded, as aPreventive measure.Allow users to wait to download the file over a low-speed or mobile connection.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Editorial
Best practice n°144 The language of downloadable files is mentioned when it is different to the original page. Avoid pointless downloads for users.Inform users about the files they’re going to download.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Links #Editorial
Best practice n°145 Internal names for downloadable files make it possible to identify their content and origin. Improve the identification of internal files.Avoid confusion for the user. #Links #Editorial
Best practice n°146 The website does not prohibit or restrict incoming. Facilitate referencing through backlinks.Increase the site’s visibility to users.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Links #Editorial
Best practice n°147 All hyperlinks internal to the site are valid. Avoid 404 errors while browsing.Facilitate fast access to all of the content.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Links #Editorial
Best practice n°148 If the site is not restricted to a specific public, its content can be accessed directly. Allow users to immediately start navigating the resource they requested.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Navigation #Editorial
Best practice n°149 Navigating the website does not open any pop-up windows. Allow users to navigate the website without having to perform any particular actions during their navigation.Prevent users of technical aids from becoming disoriented when a new window opens, which will not always be perceptible and which disrupts the use of the browsing history, in particular, or hides the main window on a screen reader.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #Accessibility #Navigation #Design
Best practice n°150 It is possible to return to the homepage from any page. Let users return to the homepage if they get disoriented.Facilitate easy identification of the home page link at all times. #Navigation #Design
Best practice n°151 Each page displays information about its location in the site’s tree structure. Let users identify their location on the website.Simplify scanning by search engines.Facilitate navigation of the content tree. #Navigation #Design
Best practice n°152 Active menu items are identifiable. Give users an additional way to find their way around the site's architecture.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Navigation #Development
Best practice n°153 Navigation blocks of the same nature are in the same place on every page. Facilitate users’ learning of how to navigate the interface.Simplify the identification of information. #Accessibility #Navigation #Design
Best practice n°154 Navigation icons are provided with an explicit legend. Reduce the time it takes to learn to use the interface.Facilitate your users’ understanding of the icons.Reduce the risk of error.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Navigation #Design
Best practice n°155 Mechanisms for closing windows are visually linked to their content. Reduce the time it takes to learn to use the interface.Speed up access to the content.Simplify navigation. #Navigation #Design
Best practice n°156 Mechanisms for closing windows are immediately available. Reduce the time it takes to learn to use the interface.Speed up access to the content.Reduce the bounce rate. #Navigation #Development
Best practice n°157 Newly dimensioned windows and modal windows are equipped with an explicit close button. Give users explicit information.Speed up access to the content. #Navigation #Development
Best practice n°158 Mechanisms for closing windows are shown in the same location on every page. Reduce the time it takes to learn to use the interface.speed up access to the content.Simplify navigation. #Navigation #Design
Best practice n°159 Each page contains quick-access links placed at the beginning of the source code. Allow users visiting the pages in a linear fashion (in voice mode) or a semi-linear way (on a small screen) to not have to scroll through all of each page’s elements in order to access the content.Provide shortcuts that accelerate keyboard navigation and that avoid the repetition of keyboard actions in order to browse through the page and get to the zone they want.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Navigation #Development
Best practice n°160 Keyboard focus has not been removed or masked. Allow navigation using the keyboard or input devices or other mechanisms that are not reliant on the mouse. #Accessibility #Navigation #Development
Best practice n°161 The website can be used and navigated in its entirety using only a keyboard. Allow keyboard navigation for users with a preference for that practice.Allow content to be accessed and services to be used, regardless of the input device, so as to make them accessible by users of technical aids (screen readers, for example) who only utilize the keyboard or a more specific device based on the same mechanisms as a keyboard (like a push button).Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Navigation #Development
Best practice n°162 Keyboard navigation is set up in a predictable order. Enable keyboard navigation.Not to confuse the user.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Navigation #Development
Best practice n°163 The site offers an internal search engine. Provide users with an alternative navigation solution and fast access to the content associated with the keywords.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Navigation #Design
Best practice n°164 Each page of search results can be reached via a web address. allow users to share search results or share them as a bookmark. #Ecodesign #Navigation #Development
Best practice n°165 It is possible to relaunch a search from its results page. Improve and speed up search operations by users.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Navigation #Development
Best practice n°166 The sitemap is available from every page. Provide users with a solution, in case they become disoriented, for navigating and getting their bearings within the site and for viewing all of the contents and the size of the site.Encourage content managers to provide graphic representations and streamline their content.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #SEO #Navigation #Design
Best practice n°167 The time limits imposed on an action or access are indicated. Warn users with special handling constraints or time.Avoid loss of data and time to the user.Preventing control failures. #Navigation #Development
Best practice n°168 Subscribing to newsletters is subject to a confirmation process. Prevent third parties from subscribing someone else to a newsletter.Check that the email address was input correctly. #Privacy #Newsletter #Editorial
Best practice n°169 An unsubscribe link is provided in each newsletter. Allow subscribers to stop receiving a newsletter. #Privacy #Newsletter #Development
Best practice n°170 Unsubscribing from within the newsletter does not require email confirmation. Not to force an extra step on the users when not necessarily in that context.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Newsletter #Development
Best practice n°171 It is possible to unsubscribe from newsletters from the website. Allow users to unsubscribe, without necessarily having to send out an email. #Privacy #Newsletter #Development
Best practice n°172 The latest edition of the newsletter is available online. Give users an idea of the newsletter that is sent out to subscribers.Allow users to access the newsletter outside the constraints of email.Boost your content’s referencing. #Newsletter #Design
Best practice n°173 Newsletter archives are available online. Simplify the consultation of your archived newsletters.Give users an idea of the newsletter that is sent out to subscribers.Boost your content’s referencing.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Newsletter #Development
Best practice n°174 The newsletters’ frequency can be found before subscribing. Tell users, before they sign up, how often they can expect to receive the newsletter. #Newsletter #Design
Best practice n°175 The graphic charter is consistent throughout the site. Ensure consistency and continuity while visiting and navigating.Provide continuous identification of the visited online service. #Presentation #Design
Best practice n°176 Information is not conveyed by color alone. Give users whose browser, platform, technical aid or disability (like color-blindness) prevents them from viewing or differentiating between colorsMake the information accessible by web crawlers.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Presentation #Design
Best practice n°177 Content is presented with sufficient contrast to its background. Provide good readability of your content.Limit the mental load while reading.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Presentation #Design
Best practice n°178 The content and meaning of each page are not altered when styles are disabled. Allow users whose browsers don’t apply the website’s style sheets or whose method of access is not visible to understand the site’s content.Meticulously separate the content from its presentation, to foster interoperability.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Presentation #Development
Best practice n°179 Content is not only designated by its shape or its position on the screen. Allow users to understand the information without having access to the visual medium or when its rendering has been altered.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Presentation #Editorial
Best practice n°180 Content that needs to be reproduced by screen readers is not hidden from them. Ensure the correct reproduction of masked content to be read by screen readers.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Presentation #Development
Best practice n°181 The size of the clickable elements is sufficient. Allow the user to click on clickable items.Limit false manipulations and excessive handling.Improve compatibility with mobile devices.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve compatibility with mobile terminals. #Mobile #Presentation #Design
Best practice n°182 Texts that can be formatted via styles are not replaced by images. Facilitate the rendering’s adaptation to the medium (mobile or other) or to the user’s needs (increasing the characters’ size, changing the colors, the font, the bolding, the alignment, etc.).Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #SEO #Presentation #Editorial
Best practice n°183 Content generated via styles is provided with a suitable alternative. Ensure access to the content, regardless of whether or not the CSS formatting layer is handled. Allow content to be reused on media and platforms that do not handle formatting for on-screen display. Give users in environments where styles arenot reproduced (text browsers, screen readers or browsers with the images disabled) access to information that takes the form of CSS-generated content (particularly background images).Enable bots to exploit the information carried by CSS styles (to reference, index and perform machine translation on the alternatives).Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #SEO #Presentation #Development
Best practice n°184 Typographic symbols have an appropriate alternative. Enable users in environments where the CSS fonts used to display symbols are not reproduced (text browsers, screen readers or browsers with the images disabled) to understand the meanings of those symbols.Enable bots to exploit the information carried by those symbols (to reference, index and perform machine translation on the alternatives).Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Presentation #Development
Best practice n°185 A generic font family is listed as the last alternative in font family lists. Enable your content to display correctly,even when the planned fonts don’t exist on a user’s system. #Presentation #Development
Best practice n°186 Styles do not justify the text. Simplify reading on the screen, especially for people with dyslexia.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #Accessibility #Presentation #Development
Best practice n°187 Capitalization for decorative purposes is done using styles. Enable cutting-and-pasting of content, regardless of any all-caps formatting.Simplify the adaptation of formatting to users with trouble reading texts in all caps. #Presentation #Editorial
Best practice n°188 The website does not block the browser’s zoom functionalities. Allow users to adapt the rendering to their needs or preferences, by means of the graphic zoom.mprove your positioning in web crawlers that take this criterion into account.Improve compatibility with mobile terminals. #Mobile #Presentation #Development
Best practice n°189 The website offers one or more mechanisms for adapting to mobile devices. Facilitate access on mobile devices. #Mobile #Presentation #Development
Best practice n°190 The site offers styles dedicated to printing. Allow content to be printed in a form that is appropriate to the medium. #Presentation #Development
Best practice n°191 The content of each page can be printed without printing the navigation blocks. Improve the readability and the relevance of the printed content.Streamline the space used by the printed content and save paper.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Presentation #Development
Best practice n°192 All pages use the HTTPS protocol. Prevent the risk of interception and data theft.Improve security of the website.Reassure users. #Security #Development
Best practice n°193 Security certificates are signed and currently valid Allow users to check the certificate’s validity and to contribute to transactional security. #Security #Development
Best practice n°194 Pages using HTTPS have a strict transport header. Improve exchange security.Preventing the risk of attacks. #Security #Development
Best practice n°195 Pages using the HTTPS protocol do not offer HTTP resources. Prevent alerts on the users' side.Improve safety for all site resources. #Security #Development
Best practice n°196 Password operations can be carried out in their entirety online. Provide an immediate solution to the user's problem.Limit the difficulties in the use of other modes of communication. #Security #Development
Best practice n°197 Passwords can be chosen and changed by the user Allow users to choose personalized passwords.Avoid users struggling to remember their passwords every time they log in. #Security #Development
Best practice n°198 A mechanism raises the user's awareness regarding their password's level of security Inform users of the level of security of their selected passwords and, therefore, the risk of being hacked. #Security #Development
Best practice n°199 The site provides a way to reinitialise a password. Allow users to access their accounts, even if they have lost their passwords.Simplify user account management.Boost security, by preventing the storage of passwords that are unencrypted so they can be re-sent to their users. #Security #Development
Best practice n°200 The site doesn't communicate a password by email. Limit the risk of interception of passwords. #Security #Development
Best practice n°201 The headers sent by the server disable automatic detection of each resource’s MIME type. Reduce the risk of downloading dangerous hidden content. #Security #Development
Best practice n°202 The server indicates each resource’s MIME type. Reduce the risk of downloading dangerous hidden content. #Security #Development
Best practice n°203 Information relative to transaction security is indicated. Inform users about the security of exchanges of sensitive data. #Security #Editorial
Best practice n°204 The server does not send the file listing of directories with no index page. Prevent the display of lists of files contained in a directory.improve the server’s security.Reduce the risk of intrusion. #Security #Development
Best practice n°205 The server sends activation information for protection against cross-site scripting. Reduce the risk of downloading dangerous hidden content. #Security #Development
Best practice n°206 The server sends information that indicates which domains are allowed to embed its pages in frames Reduce the risk of your content being used in misleading ways. #Security #Development
Best practice n°207 The website offers a security mechanism that limits the sources of its content. Reduce the risk of executing or serving content that is undesirable or that comes from an unauthorized source. #Security #Development
Best practice n°208 The server doesn't communicate information on the software and languages used. Prevent the risk of intrusion on the server. Prevent the appearance of malicious content or scripts on the site. #Security #Development
Best practice n°209 Integrity control of third party resources is present and valid. Prevent the appearance of malicious content or scripts on the site #Security #Development
Best practice n°210 The website offers at least two mechanisms to validate a secure operation. Prevent the risk of operational failure.Avoid exclusion of users for technical or material reasons. #Security #Development
Best practice n°211 The address of the website and of its subdomains works with and without a www prefix. Allow users to reach the site’s homepage, even if they forget to enter the “www” prefix.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Server and performances #Development
Best practice n°212 The website’s root contains instructions for web crawlers. Enable targeted referencing.Improve guidance for search tools.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Server and performances #Development
Best practice n°213 The website provides a sitemap file listing the content to be crawled. Provide summary information about all of the available content that is machine-readable.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Server and performances #Editorial
Best practice n°214 The server does not force redirects from the desktop version to the mobile version or application. leave the choice of version to the users and their own personal preferences.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Mobile #Server and performances #Development
Best practice n°215 The server sends a 404 HTTP error code for resources not found Enable the automated detection of incorrect URLs.Send reliable information to the browser.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Server and performances #Development
Best practice n°216 The server sends a customised 404 Not found error page Inform users of the error encountered and of the server’s continuing operation.Inform users that the problem isn't caused by their connectivity. #Server and performances #Development
Best practice n°217 The server sends a customised 403 “Forbidden” error page. Reassure users that they are still on the same website.Allow the webmaster to provide guidance to your users.Inform users of the error encountered and of the server’s continuing operation.Inform users that the problem isn't caused by their connectivity. #Server and performances #Development
Best practice n°218 The main navigation menu is displayed on custom error pages. Save users from any interruption in their navigation, landing on dead-end pages, or being forced to use their browser’s Back button. #Server and performances #Development
Best practice n°219 The server transmits compressed contents to the clients which accept them. Improve the speed of the page’s rendering.Reduce bandwidth costs.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Server and performances #Development
Best practice n°220 The server sends information to enable the caching of contents Speed up the display of content and enable a smoother navigation experience.Reduce bandwidth costs. #Server and performances #Development
Best practice n°221 Headers sent by the server contain information pertaining to the character set used Allow the browser to choose the right character encoding to display the page.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Server and performances #Development
Best practice n°222 Style sheets of the site are minified. Minimize the quantity of data for users to download.Improve performance.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Server and performances #Development
Best practice n°223 Scripts of the site are minified. Speed up the display of your pages.Improve performance.Reduce the quantity of data to download.Reduce the energy impact related to the consultation of the site. #Ecodesign #Server and performances #Development
Best practice n°224 The date of publication or update of the contents is made available in a programmatic form. Provide date of publication to search engines and indexing tools.Improving the integration of content by search engines and indexing tools.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Structure and code #Development
Best practice n°225 Each page’s source code contains metadata which defines the character set used. Display pages offline correctly, by telling the browser which character set was used.Prevent the risk of character display problems associated with the sometimes unsure functioning of browsers’ catch-up mechanisms when they don’t receive the necessary information from the HTTP content-type header.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Structure and code #Development
Best practice n°226 The character encoding is UTF-8. Use an international character set.Prevent display faults.Simplify content manipulation by users and developers. #Structure and code #Development
Best practice n°227 Each page’s content is organized according to a hierarchical structure of headings and sub-headings. Allow interested users to view and navigate through the structure of the page’s content.Enable machines and indexing tools to extract each page’s map.Improve SEO by simplifying the content’s interpretation by web crawlers.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Structure and code #Editorial
Best practice n°228 Elements that are visually displayed as lists are tagged in an appropriate way in the source code. Enable browsers and technical aids to identify lists and then reproduce them accurately, in order to facilitate their understanding by users.Improve the semantics of page content and its reusability.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Structure and code #Editorial
Best practice n°229 Each HTML ID is only used once per page. Prevent content reproduction errors and interaction errors via scripts.Limit the risk of random interpretation of the Document Object Model (DOM) by different user agents.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #Accessibility #Structure and code #Development
Best practice n°230 The website does not block the copying of content. Facilitate the use of content by users (translation, reference, quotation etc.) Allow users to control their browsers. #Structure and code #Development
Best practice n°231 The website does not block access to the contextual menu. Facilitate navigation and access to the functionalities of the consultation tools.Leaving users in control of their menus and actions. #Structure and code #Development
Best practice n°232 The site does not force any redirects or auto-refreshes on the client side. Allow users to maintain control over their work environments.prevent cut-offs or losses of information while reading, particularly for users with screen readers whose functions would be interrupted by a timed refresh or redirect.Not penalize mobile users trying to access content when their network signal is variable over short periods of time.Prevent unwanted increases in the cost to users of using mobile data. #Accessibility #Structure and code #Development
Best practice n°233 The text of internal PDF documents can be selected. Enable the referencing of the contents of PDF documents.Simplify the handling and reuse of the contents of PDF documents.Ensure the readability of the contents of PDF documents.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities.Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools. #SEO #Structure and code #Editorial
Best practice n°234 Internal PDF documents are given a structure based on titles. Give users direct access to the different sections of a PDF file.Provide a structure of headings to users who need that.allow PDFs to be read using a technical aid.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. Improve the way content is taken into account by search engines and indexing tools #SEO #Structure and code #Editorial
Best practice n°235 Syndication feeds can be detected by user agents Allow browsers to indicate, in their interfaces, the presence of a syndication feed associated with the current page. #Structure and code #Development
Best practice n°236 Cells in data tables are linked to their headers Allow technical aids to return the information contained in data tables in a comprehensible way, by informing users of the logical relationships between the table’s content and headers. #Accessibility #Structure and code #Editorial
Best practice n°237 Captions for data tables are provided Allow users of technical aids (like screen readers) to easily identify the nature of the information provided in a table. #Accessibility #Structure and code #Editorial
Best practice n°238 Linearising tables used for layout does not impede the understanding of contents Supply content that is understandable to users whose user agents or technical aids (screen readers) cannot reconstruct the formatting that was initially defined by a table. #Accessibility #Structure and code #Development
Best practice n°239 Data tables are not replaced by images. Give users access to tables that are exploitable by their user agents and that can be reproduced in a way that will always be understandable. #SEO #Structure and code #Editorial
Best practice n°240 Data tables are not simulated through styled text Give users access to tables that are exploitable by their user agents and that can be reproduced in a way that will always be understandable.Improve the accessibility of content for people with disabilities. #SEO #Structure and code #Development
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